Essay Prompts For High School and College Writing Competitions

Essay Prompts For High School and College Writing CompetitionsWhen you are looking for essay prompts for high school and college writing competitions, you will discover that your university will offer some great essay prompts for high school and college writing contests. The samples provided by your university are a good way to get started in the competition, but even better is finding a good writer to ghost write for you. This can add a great boost to your writing skills and can help you win more awards and place in more competitions.A college essay prompt can be one of the most difficult things to write. So, your job as a writer is to find ways to organize your thoughts into a coherent sentence. Although, there is no 'correct' way to write a college essay prompt, most of the guidelines are designed to help you keep a consistency in your writing. In addition, they are also a great way to begin learning how to write effectively.The first step in the process of writing a college essay prompt is to make sure that your essay is structured properly. The key here is to make sure that you start your essay with an introduction, and then proceed to the meat of your essay. Make sure that your writing is effective and not just saying things, or talking around the subject.Here are a few tips to get you started on how to write a college essay prompt. Make sure that your paragraphs have to be short, concise, and to the point. This will give you a better chance at getting the point across.The next step in the process of writing a college essay prompt is to determine the length of your paragraphs. The first thing to consider is whether your paragraphs should be longer or shorter than your entire essay. If you are unsure, it is best to stick with the shorter paragraphs.Finally, when looking for a college essay prompts samples, you will also need to think about formatting your paragraphs. Do not allow your paragraphs to look crowded. This can come across as sloppy or shoddy, an d it will not help you win any awards.It is important to get started early on and find essay prompts samples to help you win more and to help you work towards higher grades. Take advantage of all of the resources available and don't forget to plan for the future.

The Structure Of A Social Unit - 987 Words

Short Answer #2 1) Political Organization- The basic definition our book gives is the structure of a social unit in terms of the allocation of power among individuals, roles, and groups (Heider, 2007, p. 450). The key term in this definition is power, how do we get another person to do things (Heider, 2007, p. 301). In anthropology, there are many classes of power that distinguish societies and their structures. There are four common categories consisting of tribal communities that have big men or chiefs, band organizations a nomadic, mobile group with informal leadership, chiefdoms that leads with bureaucracy or hierarchically, and nation-states organized by groups at various levels. Often times cultures are a combination political organization and all pay attention to leadership and power (Heider, 2007, p. 302). The importance of political organization is maintenance of order within the communities. This allows anthropologist and all individual to learn and compare communities, the social rel ations within the communities, and specific cultural hierarchies. Researchers can distinguish power structures and dynamics through the political organizations. They can also explore variations on communication between different tribes and values within the tribes by the types of organization. Living in Ghana, I learn about a variety of political organizations, all of the political types stated by in the definition were present. The entire country of Ghana is organized andShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Nuclear Family On Modern Society950 Words   |  4 PagesOver the past few decades social scientists have been engaged debates about family change and influences in modern society, with one of the main themes being the strength and relevance of the nuclear family. 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Cancer Biology Experimental Design Report-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Write an Cancer Biology Experimental Design Report. Answer: Introduction: The appearance of characteristic morphological features, and the occurrence of specific energy dependant biochemical mechanisms which indicate towards the process of programmed cell death, are referred to as apoptosis. It is responsible for a number of biological functions such as normal cell turnover, appropriate development of the immune system, development of embryo, hormonal atrophy, and chemically induced cell death (Elmore 2007). This process also helps in maintaining tissue homeostasis, and forms normal part of growth and development events. Also, appropriate apoptosis involves differential and appropriate response of the different types of cells to physiological and pathological stimuli. However, any disturbance in the homeostatic equilibrium could either result in unwarranted cellular proliferation or atrophy characterized with faster cellular death (Hejmadi 2009). Therefore, the dysfunction of the homeostatic pathways, often leads to terminal proliferation and differentiation of cells, resulting in cancer. The development and progression of cancers have often been attributed to the suppressed apoptotic mechanisms during carcinogenesis. The tumour cells either acquire resistance to apoptotic pathways by the means of anti-apoptotic proteins, or evade the immune surveillance (Fulda 2009). For example, the uncontrolled expression of Bcl-2 gene results in failure of cell death, contributing to cancer. However, apoptosis also presents therapeutic opportunities for cancer. The comprehension and analysis of the cell cycle signalling pathways could help identify the possible mechanism of cell cycle which could be exploited for arresting or controlling the cell cycle and apoptotic mechanisms (Gerl Vaux 2005). The table below shows the features of cells undergoing apoptosis. Morphological features Biochemical features Physiological significance Blebbing of membranes Chromatin aggregation in nuclear membrane Initial stages involve cytoplasmic shrinkage and nuclear condensation Later stages involve cellular fragmentation Pore formation in mitochondria resulting in leakage Tightly regulated stepwise activation of enzymatic processes Energy dependent processes involving uptake of ATP Mono and oligonucleosomal DNA fragmentation in a non-random fashion Release of multiple factors such as cytochrome c, AIF into mitochondrial cytoplasm Activation of caspase cascade Altering membrane symmetry Absent inflammatory responses Phagocytosis by either macrophages or adjacent cells Affect individual cells Induced by physiological stimuli Table 1: Characteristics of cells undergoing apoptosis (Source: UCCS, 2017) Experiments: Identification of transformed cells: MTT assay Rationale: For the purpose of screening of the transformed cells, over expressing the BKLY protein, the cell based MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide)assay is proposed. MTT is positively charged and has the ability to penetrate the eukaryotic cells. The viable cells exhibiting active metabolic activity possess the capability to convert MTT into purple colored formazan compound, having maximum absorbance near 570nm. On the other hand when the cells no longer remain viable they lose the capability to convert MTT into formazan. MTT is regarded to have the capability to measure mitochondrial activity as MTT cleavage occurs in the living cells only by the mitochondrial enzyme succinate dehydrogenase (Hughes Mehmet 2003). Control: To examine whether BKLY has any effect on apoptosis of the cells we would need to compare the data from positive, negative and blank controls with the experimental cells. The negative control will be consist of untreated cells, positive control will consist of the cells treated with cytotoxic chemical, and blank will contain no cells. The control and experimental cell lines will be maintained under similar conditions of temperature and incubation time periods. Conclusion: If the BKLY protein is involved in the apoptotic process then differences in metabolic activity of the apoptotic cells which have taken up the plasmids will help in identification of the transfected cells. The change in colour from yellow water soluble tetrazolium MTT to purpled colored insoluble formazan will help in identifying the non-viable cells, indicating towards transfection with BKLY gene. Identification of cells showing protein expression: Annexin V staining assay Rationale: In order to detect the cells expressing the protein, the immunohistochemical technique using Annexin V is suggested. Annexin V is a calcium dependent, phospholipid binding protein, which has the capability to serve as an excellent tool for detecting the ongoing process of apoptosis in cells. The process of apoptosis involves translocation of phosphatidylserinefrom inner leaflet to outer leaflet of the plasma membrane. The integrity of the phosphatidylserine exposed membrane is thus breached. The calcium dependant binding of Annexin V with the breached membrane is further tested using vital dyes such as Propidium Iodide. These dyes can penetrate the membrane only when the membrane integrity is breached. However, it must be noted that Annexin V shows preferable binding tendencies with apoptotic cells even in condition of excess necrosis. Hence, it is crucial to use combination of Annexin V assay with Propidium Idodie, a DNA marker. This further allows monitoring the progress ion of different stages of apoptosis. The staining procedures follow fluorescence microscopy (Petrovsky et al. 2003). Controls: To examine whether BKLY has any effect on apoptosis of the cells we would need to compare the data from positive, negative and blank controls with the experimental cells. The negative control will be consist of untreated cells, positive control will consist of the cells treated with Annexin V, and blank will contain no cells. The control and experimental cell lines will be maintained under similar conditions of temperature and incubation time periods. Conclusion: The untreated and treated cell lines when observed under fluorescence microscope help identify the cells expressing the protein. The treated cell lines will show increase in population of cells undergoing apoptosis, identified by increasing membrane permeability. Identification of nature of apoptotic properties: Flow Cytometry Rationale: For the purpose of identifying the apoptotic properties of the protein, the method of flow cytometry is proposed. Flow cytometry helps in successful quantification of apoptosis, besides distinguishing the apoptotic cells from non-apoptotic ones. The microscopic particles suspended in the fluid stream are counted, examined, and sorted, by means of DNA staining. The apoptotic cells which have been stained using a fluorescent dye, when passes through the single wavelength light beam, scatter light up to some extent. The forward scatter versus side scattering of the light helps distinguish between the apoptotic and non-apoptotic cells. The identification of the immunophenotype of the cell is facilitated by the altered morphology of the plasma membrane of apoptotic cells. The phosphatidylserine is present on the outer membrane in the apoptotic cells, which would be detected by Annexin V. Propidium Iodide would act as the DNA specific fluorochrome, helping differentiate between necrotic and apoptotic cells. However, the technique could prove to be time consuming (Archana et al. 2013). Controls: The proposed experiment would involve three controls. Control 1 will consist of the unstained cells, Control 2 will consist of those stained with Annexin V only, and Control 3 will be stained using PI only. Thereby allowing the differentiation between healthy (unstained), apoptotic (positive for Annexin), and necrotic cells (positive for both Annexin and PI) respectively. This will allow the researcher to draw accurate conclusions by forming basis of comparison and analysis of the experimental cells. Conclusions: The apoptotic cells would appear as having hypo-diploid structure of DNA contents, and will be represented in sub-G1 peaks on the histograms. The decreased staining ability of fluorochrome with respect to the apoptotic DNA is attributed to the endonuclease activity of apoptotic cells resulting in extraction of low molecular weight DNA. References: Archana, M., Yogesh, T.L. Kumaraswamy, K.L., 2013. Various methods available for detection of apoptotic cells- A review. Indian journal of cancer, 50(3), p.274. Elmore, S., 2007. Apoptosis: A review of programmed cell death. Toxicol Pathol., 35(4), pp.495516. Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19003982. Fulda, S., 2009. Tumor resistance to apoptosis. Int J Cancer., 124(3), pp.511515. Gerl, R. Vaux, D.L., 2005. Apoptosis in the development and treatment of cancer. Carcinogenesis, 26(2), pp.263270. Hejmadi, M., 2009. Introduction to cancer biology, Bookboon. Hughes, D. Mehmet, H., 2003. Cell Proliferation and apoptosis, Garland science. Petrovsky, A. et al., 2003. Near-infrared fluorescent imaging of tumor apoptosis. Cancer Res, 63, pp.193642. UCCS, 2017. Differences between necrosis and apoptosis. Apoptosis, Cell Death, and Cell Proliferation Manual, p.4. Available at: https://www.uccs.edu/Documents/rmelamed/apoptosis_003_004.pdf [Accessed February 11, 2018].